def append(list1, list2): result = [] for item in list1: result += [item] for item in list2: result += [item] return result def concat(lists): result = [] for sublist in lists: result = append(result, sublist) return result def filter(function, list): result = [] for item in list: if function(item): result += [item] return result def length(l): result = 0 for item in l: result +=1 return result def map(function, list): def foldl(function, list, initial): def foldr(function, list, initial): def reverse(list):