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pagerank
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//"use strict";
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// pagerank.js 0.0.1
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//Use a random surfer algorithm to determine the relative 
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//rank of nodes. The importance of each node is determined
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//by the number of incoming links as well as the importance 
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//of those incoming links. 
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// Expose
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// ----------
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//Expose our library to be called externally
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module.exports = function (nodeMatrix, linkProb, tolerance, callback, debug) {
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    if (!nodeMatrix || !linkProb || !tolerance || !callback) {
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        throw new Error("Provide 4 arguments: "+
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            "nodeMatrix, link probability, tolerance, callback");
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    }
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    //If debug is unset set it to false
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    if (!debug) { 
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        debug=false;
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    }
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    return new Pagerank(nodeMatrix, linkProb, tolerance, callback, debug);
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};
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// Initialize
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// ----------
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function Pagerank(nodeMatrix, linkProb, tolerance, callback, debug) {
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    //**OutgoingNodes:** represents an array of nodes. Each node in this 
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    //array contains an array of nodes to which the corresponding node has
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    //outgoing links.
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    this.outgoingNodes = nodeMatrix;
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    //console.log(this.outgoingNodes);
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    //**LinkProb:** a value ??
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    this.linkProb = linkProb;
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    //**Tolerance:** the point at which a solution is deemed optimal. 
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    //Higher values are more accurate, lower values are faster to computer. 
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    this.tolerance = tolerance;
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    this.callback = callback;
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    //Number of outgoing nodes
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    this.pageCount = Object.keys(this.outgoingNodes).length;
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    //console.log(this.pageCount);
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    //**Coeff:** coefficient for the likelihood that a page will be visited.
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    this.coeff = (1-linkProb)/this.pageCount;
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    this.probabilityNodes = !(nodeMatrix instanceof Array) ? {} : [];
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    this.incomingNodes = !(nodeMatrix instanceof Array) ? {} : [];
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    //console.log(this.incomingNodes);
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    this.debug=debug;
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    this.startRanking();
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}
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//Start ranking 
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// ----------
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Pagerank.prototype.startRanking = function () {
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    //we initialize all of our probabilities
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    var initialProbability = 1/this.pageCount, 
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        outgoingNodes = this.outgoingNodes, i, a, index;
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    //rearray the graph and generate initial probability
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    for (i in outgoingNodes) {
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        this.probabilityNodes[i]=initialProbability;
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        for (a in outgoingNodes[i]) {
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            index = outgoingNodes[i][a];
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            if (!this.incomingNodes[index]) {
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                this.incomingNodes[index]=[]; 
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            }
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            this.incomingNodes[index].push(i);
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               // console.log(this.incomingNodes);
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        }
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    }
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    //if debug is set, print each iteration
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    if (this.debug) this.reportDebug(1)
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    this.iterate(1);
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};
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//Log iteration to console 
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// ----------
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Pagerank.prototype.reportDebug = function (count) {
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    //console.log("____ITERATION "+count+"____");
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    //console.log("Pages: " + Object.keys(this.outgoingNodes).length);
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    //console.log("outgoing %j", this.outgoingNodes);
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    //console.log("incoming %j",this.incomingNodes);
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    //console.log("probability %j",this.probabilityNodes);
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};
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//Calculate new weights 
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// ----------
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Pagerank.prototype.iterate = function(count) {
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    var result = [];
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    var resultHash={};
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    var prob, ct, b, a, sum, res, max, min;
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    //For each node, we look at the incoming edges and 
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    //the weight of the node connected via each edge. 
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    //This weight is divided by the total number of 
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    //outgoing edges from each weighted node and summed to 
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    //determine the new weight of the original node.
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    for (b in this.probabilityNodes) {
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        sum = 0;
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        if( this.incomingNodes[b] ) {
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            for ( a=0; a<this.incomingNodes[b].length; a++) {
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                prob = this.probabilityNodes[ this.incomingNodes[b][a] ];
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                ct = this.outgoingNodes[ this.incomingNodes[b][a] ].length;
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                sum += (prob/ct) ;
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            }
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        }
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        //determine if the new probability is within tolerance.
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        res = this.coeff+this.linkProb*sum;
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        max = this.probabilityNodes[b]+this.tolerance;
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        min = this.probabilityNodes[b]-this.tolerance;   
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        //if the result has changed push that result
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        if (min <= res && res<= max) {
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            resultHash[b]=res;
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            result.push(res);
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        }
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        //update the probability for node *b*
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        this.probabilityNodes[b]=res;
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        //console.log(this.probabilityNodes[b]);
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        //console.log(res);
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    }
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    //When we have all results (no weights are changing) we return via callback
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    if (result.length == this.pageCount) {
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        if( !(this.outgoingNodes instanceof Array)) {
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            return this.callback(null, resultHash);
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        }
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        return this.callback(null, result);
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    }
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    //if debug is set, print each iteration
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    if (this.debug) {
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        this.reportDebug(count); 
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    }
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    ++count;
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    return this.iterate(count);
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};
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